PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital equaliser in the final seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 years.